DDEX Data Dictionary for Allowed Value Sets, 2020-05-19

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Intro

Piano

Keyboard instrument with chromatic keys which, when pressed, move hammers to hit strings in the body of the instrument. There are also foot pedals for dampening and sustaining the sound.

Relationships
Parents	Keyboard	Any instrument primarily distinguished by its use of the Western musical keyboard.
Instances	Fortepiano	Earlier, slightly different version of the modern piano - the instrument for which Mozart, Haydn, Beethoven in his youth and their contemporaries wrote their piano music. Softer and with less sustain than modern pianos, Fortepianos also tend to have quite different tone quality in their different registers – slightly buzzing in the bass, 'tinkling' in the high treble, and more rounded (closest to the modern piano) in the mid range. Common between 1700 and the early 1800s.
	GrandPiano	Large piano in which the strings are horizontal and the action lies below the strings. Has a brilliant, singing and sustaining tone quality.
	Lutheal	Hybrid piano with an extended range that produces cimbalon-like sounds. It also has register stops which change the sound of certain registers of the instrument. Used in a few pieces by Maurice Ravel.
	PianoHarp	Upright piano with exposed strings on a grand piano shaped plate.
	Pianola	Self-playing piano containing a pneumatic or electro-mechanical mechanism that operates the piano action via pre-programmed music recorded on perforated paper, or in rare instances, metallic rolls, with more modern implementations using MIDI.
	PreparedPiano	Piano with various alterations, such as objects like screws and wires placed in between the piano strings. Popularized by John Cage.
	SquarePiano	Piano with a square shape in which the strings lay horizontally and diagonally in the body of the piano. The most popular keyboard instrument of the late 18th century, it enjoyed continued popularity through the 19th century, but was eventually eclipsed in popularity by the upright piano.
	TackPiano	Piano with tacks or nails placed in the hammers so the metal part strikes the strings.
	UprightPiano	Piano with vertical strings. Not as brilliant-sounding as a typical grand piano, but generally more affordable and more portable.
Belongs to AVS	avs:InstrumentType	A Type of musical instrument.
	avs:Theme	A Theme.

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